Iyada oo wax soo saar sannadle ah oo ka badan 700,000 ton, glyphosate waa dhirta ugu ballaaran ee loo isticmaalo uguna weyn adduunka.Iska caabbinta haramaha iyo khatarta ka iman karta deegaanka deegaanka iyo caafimaadka bini'aadamka oo ay sababtay xadgudubka glyphosate ayaa soo jiitay dareen weyn.
Maajo 29-keedii, kooxda Professor Guo Ruiting ee ka socota Shaybaadhka Muhiimka ah ee Gobolka ee Biocatalysis iyo Enzyme Engineering, oo ay si wadajir ah u aasaaseen Dugsiga Sayniska Nolosha ee Jaamacadda Hubei iyo waaxaha gobolka iyo wasaaradaha, ayaa daabacay waraaqdii cilmi-baarista ee ugu dambeysay ee Joornaalka Qalabka Khatarta ah, falanqaynta falanqaynta ugu horeysa ee cawska barnyard.(Weed paddy malignant) oo ka soo jeeda aldo-keto reductase AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 waxay kiciyaan habka falcelinta ee hoos u dhaca glyphosate, waxayna si weyn u wanaajisaa waxtarka hoos u dhaca glyphosate ee AKR4C17 iyada oo loo marayo wax ka beddelka molecular.
Iska caabbinta glyphosate ee sii kordheysa.
Tan iyo markii la bilaabay 1970-meeyadii, glyphosate waxay caan ku ahayd adduunka oo dhan, waxayna si tartiib tartiib ah u noqotay ka ugu jaban, ugu isticmaalka badan uguna wax soo saarka badan.Waxay sababtaa cilladaha dheef-shiid kiimikaadka ee dhirta, oo ay ku jiraan haramaha, iyadoo si gaar ah u joojinaysa 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), enzyme muhiimka ah ee ku lug leh koritaanka dhirta iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.iyo geeri.
Sidaa darteed, taranta dalagyada transgenic u adkaysta glyphosate iyo isticmaalka glyphosate ee berrinka waa hab muhiim ah oo lagu xakameynayo haramaha beeraha casriga ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaalka baahsan iyo xadgudubka glyphosate, daraasiin haramaha ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u kobcay oo ay horumariyeen dulqaad sare oo glyphosate ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, dalagyada u adkaysta glyphosate-ka hidde ahaan wax laga beddelay ma burburin karaan glyphosate, taasoo keentay in ururinta iyo wareejinta glyphosate ee dalagyada, taas oo si fudud u faafi karta iyada oo loo marayo silsiladda cuntada oo khatar gelinaysa caafimaadka aadanaha.
Sidaa darteed, waa deg deg in la ogaado hiddo-wadaha hoos u dhigi kara glyphosate, si loo beero dalagyo transgenic-ga-sare leh oo leh hadhaaga glyphosate-ka hooseeya.
Xallinta qaab dhismeedka crystal iyo habka falcelinta kicinta ee enzymes-xumaynta glyphosate-ka-soo-baxa
Sannadka 2019, kooxaha cilmi-baarista Shiinaha iyo Australiya waxay aqoonsadeen laba glyphosate-hoos u dhigaya aldo-keto reductases, AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17, markii ugu horreysay oo laga soo bilaabo cawska u adkaysta glyphosate.Waxay u isticmaali karaan NADP+ sidii cofactor si ay glyphosate hoos ugu dhigaan aminomethylphosphonic acid iyo glyoxylic acid.
AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 waa enzymes-xumeeya glyphosate-ka ugu horreeya ee la soo sheegay oo ay soo saartay koritaanka dabiiciga ah ee dhirta.Si loo sii sahamiyo habka molecular ee hoos u dhaca glyphosate, kooxda Guo Ruiting waxay adeegsadeen crystallography X-ray si ay u falanqeeyaan xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya labadan ensaymes iyo cofactor sare.Qaab dhismeedka kakan ee xallinta ayaa daaha ka qaaday habka xidhitaanka ee isku-dhafka ternary ee glyphosate, NADP+ iyo AKR4C17, wuxuuna soo jeediyay habka falcelinta catalytic ee AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17-dhexdhexaadinta glyphosate-ka.
Qaab dhismeedka AKR4C17/NADP+/Glyphosate kakan iyo habka falcelinta ee hoos u dhaca glyphosate.
Beddelka molecular wuxuu hagaajiyaa waxtarka hoos u dhaca ee glyphosate.
Ka dib markii la helo qaabka qaabdhismeedka saddex-geesoodka ah ee AKR4C17/NADP +/glyphosate, kooxda Professor Guo Ruiting waxay sii heleen borotiinka mutant AKR4C17F291D oo leh 70% korodhka waxtarka hoos u dhaca glyphosate iyada oo loo marayo falanqaynta qaab dhismeedka enzym iyo naqshad macquul ah.
Falanqaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa hoos u dhiga glyphosate ee mutants AKR4C17.
"Shaqadeenu waxay daaha ka qaadaysaa habka molecular ee AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 ee kicinaya hoos u dhaca glyphosate, taas oo aasaas muhiim u ah wax ka beddelka AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 si loo hagaajiyo waxtarkooda hoos u dhaca glyphosate."Ku-xigeenka qoraaga warqadda, Associate Professor Dai Longhai oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Hubei ayaa sheegay in ay dhiseen borotiinka mutant AKR4C17F291D oo leh hufnaanta hoos u dhaca glyphosate, kaas oo siinaya qalab muhiim ah oo lagu beero dalagyo transgenic sare leh oo u adkeysanaya glyphosate oo leh haraaga bakteeriyada glyphosate yar iyo isticmaalka injineernimada microbial hoos u dhiga glyphosate ee deegaanka.
Waxaa la sheegay in kooxda Guo Ruiting ay muddo dheer ku hawlanayd cilmi-baadhista falanqaynta qaab-dhismeedka iyo falanqaynta farsamada ee enzymes-ka biodegradation, terpenoid synthases, iyo borotiinnada bartilmaameedka daroogada ee walxaha sunta iyo waxyeelada leh ee deegaanka.Li Hao, cilmi baare Yang Yu iyo macalin Hu Yumei oo kooxda ku jira ayaa ah qorayaasha ugu horreeya ee warqadda, iyo Guo Ruiting iyo Dai Longhai ayaa ah qorayaasha isku xira.
Waqtiga boostada: Jun-02-2022