Iyada oo sanad walba la soo saaro in ka badan 700,000 oo tan, glyphosate waa sunta cayayaanka ugu badan ee la isticmaalo uguna weyn adduunka. Iska caabbinta haramaha iyo khataraha suurtagalka ah ee deegaanka deegaanka iyo caafimaadka aadanaha ee ka dhasha xadgudubka glyphosate ayaa soo jiitay dareen weyn.
Maajo 29, kooxda Professor Guo Ruiting oo ka socota Shaybaarka Muhiimka ah ee Gobolka ee Biocatalysis iyo Enzyme Engineering, oo ay si wadajir ah u aasaaseen Dugsiga Sayniska Nolosha ee Jaamacadda Hubei iyo waaxyaha gobolka iyo kuwa wasaaradda, ayaa daabacay warqaddii cilmi-baarista ee ugu dambeysay ee Joornaalka Qalabka Khatarta ah, iyagoo falanqeynaya falanqayntii ugu horreysay ee cawska beerta. (Aldo-keto reductase oo laga soo qaatay aldo-keto accus) AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 ayaa kiciya habka falcelinta ee burburka glyphosate, waxayna si weyn u hagaajiyaan hufnaanta burburka glyphosate ee AKR4C17 iyada oo loo marayo wax-ka-beddelka molecular-ka.
Kordhinta iska caabbinta glyphosate.
Tan iyo markii la soo saaray 1970-meeyadii, glyphosate wuxuu caan ka ahaa adduunka oo dhan, wuxuuna si tartiib tartiib ah u noqday sunta cayayaanka ee ugu jaban, ugu isticmaalka badan uguna wax soo saarka badan. Waxay sababtaa khalkhal dheef-shiid kiimikaadka dhirta, oo ay ku jiraan haramaha, iyadoo si gaar ah u joojisa 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), oo ah ensaym muhiim ah oo ku lug leh koritaanka iyo dheef-shiid kiimikaadka dhirta. iyo dhimashada.
Sidaa darteed, tarminta dalagyada transgenic-ka ee u adkaysta glyphosate iyo isticmaalka glyphosate ee beerta waa hab muhiim ah oo lagu xakameeyo haramaha beeraha casriga ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo la adeegsanayo oo si baahsan loogu isticmaalo glyphosate, daraasiin haramaha ah ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u kobcay waxayna yeesheen dulqaad sare oo glyphosate ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, dalagyada hidde ahaan loo beddelay ee u adkaysta glyphosate ma burburin karaan glyphosate, taasoo keenta in glyphosate uu ku ururo oo uu wareejiyo dalagyada, kuwaas oo si fudud ugu faafi kara silsiladda cuntada oo khatar gelin kara caafimaadka aadanaha.
Sidaa darteed, waa lama huraan in la ogaado hiddo-sideyaasha burburin kara glyphosate, si loo beero dalagyo badan oo u adkaysta glyphosate oo leh haraaga glyphosate oo hooseeya.
Xalinta qaab-dhismeedka kiristaalka iyo habka falgalka kicinta ee enzymes-ka glyphosate-degrading ee laga helo dhirta
Sannadkii 2019, kooxaha cilmi-baarista ee Shiinaha iyo Australia waxay aqoonsadeen laba aldo-keto reductases oo glyphosate-degrading, AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17, markii ugu horreysay laga helay cawska beerta ee u adkaysta glyphosate. Waxay u isticmaali karaan NADP+ sidii cofactor si ay u burburiyaan glyphosate una beddelaan aminomethylphosphonic acid aan sun ahayn iyo glyoxylic acid.
AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 waa ensaymyadii ugu horreeyay ee la soo sheego ee burburiya glyphosate oo ay soo saaraan horumarka dabiiciga ah ee dhirta. Si loo sii baaro habka molecular-ka ee burburkooda glyphosate, kooxda Guo Ruiting waxay adeegsadeen X-ray crystallography si ay u falanqeeyaan xiriirka ka dhexeeya labada ensaym iyo cofactor sare. Qaab-dhismeedka adag ee xallinta ayaa shaaca ka qaaday qaabka isku xidhka ee isku-dhafka ternary ee glyphosate, NADP+ iyo AKR4C17, waxayna soo jeediyeen habka falgalka catalytic ee burburka glyphosate ee AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17.
Qaab-dhismeedka isku-dhafka AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate iyo habka falcelinta ee burburka glyphosate.
Wax-ka-beddelka molecular-ka wuxuu hagaajiyaa hufnaanta burburka ee glyphosate.
Ka dib markii ay heleen qaabka qaab-dhismeedka saddex-geesoodka ah ee wanaagsan ee AKR4C17/NADP+/glyphosate, kooxda Professor Guo Ruiting waxay sii heleen borotiin isbeddelay AKR4C17F291D oo leh 70% koror ku yimid hufnaanta burburka glyphosate iyada oo loo marayo falanqaynta qaab-dhismeedka ensaymka iyo naqshadeynta macquulka ah.
Falanqaynta dhaqdhaqaaqa burburinta glyphosate ee mutants-ka AKR4C17.
"Shaqadeenu waxay muujineysaa habka molecular-ka ee AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 ee kicinaya burburka glyphosate, kaas oo saldhig muhiim ah u ah wax ka beddelka dheeraadka ah ee AKR4C16 iyo AKR4C17 si loo hagaajiyo hufnaanta burburka ee glyphosate." Qoraaga warqadda, Bare Sare Dai Longhai oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Hubei ayaa sheegay inay dhiseen borotiin isbeddelay AKR4C17F291D oo leh hufnaan burburka glyphosate oo la wanaajiyey, kaas oo bixiya qalab muhiim ah oo lagu beero dalagyo transgenic ah oo sare u adkaysta glyphosate oo leh haraaga glyphosate oo hooseeya iyo isticmaalka bakteeriyada injineernimada microbial si loo burburiyo glyphosate deegaanka.
Waxaa la soo sheegayaa in kooxda Guo Ruiting ay muddo dheer ku hawlanayd cilmi-baarista ku saabsan falanqaynta qaab-dhismeedka iyo doodda farsamada ee enzymes-ka bayoolojiga ah, synthases-ka terpenoid-ka, iyo borotiinnada bartilmaameedka daroogada ee walxaha sunta ah iyo kuwa waxyeelada leh ee deegaanka. Li Hao, cilmi-baare ku xigeenka Yang Yu iyo macallin Hu Yumei oo kooxda ka tirsan ayaa ah qorayaashii ugu horreeyay ee warqadda, Guo Ruiting iyo Dai Longhai ayaa ah qorayaasha isku xiran.
Waqtiga boostada: Juun-02-2022