Baradhada, qamadiga, bariiska, iyo galleyda ayaa si wada jir ah loogu yaqaanaa afarta dalag ee cuntada ugu muhiimsan adduunka, waxayna kaalin muhiim ah ka qaataan horumarinta dhaqaalaha Shiinaha ee beeraha.Baradhada, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan baradhada, waa khudaar caan ah nolosheena.Waxa laga samayn karaa macmacaan badan.Waxay ka kooban yihiin qiimo nafaqo oo ka badan midhaha iyo khudaarta kale.Waxay si gaar ah hodan ugu yihiin istaarijka, macdanta iyo borotiinka.Waxay leeyihiin "tufaax dhulka hoostiisa ah".Ciwaanka.Laakiin habka beeritaanka baradhada, beeralayda waxay inta badan la kulmaan cayayaan iyo cudurro kala duwan, kuwaas oo si dhab ah u saameeya faa'iidooyinka beerashada beeralayda.Xilliga diiran iyo qoyan, dhacdooyinka caleenta caleenta baradhada ayaa sarreeya.Haddaba, waa maxay calaamadaha caleenta baradho?Sidee looga hortagi karaa?
Calaamadaha khatarta ah waxay inta badan dhaawacaan caleemaha, kuwaas oo intooda badan ah cudurka ugu horreeya ee caleemaha hoose ee dhexe iyo kuwa dambe ee koritaanka.Caleemaha baradhada ayaa cudurku ku dhacaa, laga bilaabo meel u dhow cidhifka caleenta ama caarada, baro necrotic ah oo cagaaran-brown ah ayaa la sameeyay marxaladda hore, ka dibna si tartiib tartiib ah ayey u koraan ku dhawaad wareeg ilaa "V" oo ah dhibco waaweyn oo necrotic ah oo cawl-brown ah, oo leh qaabab giraan ah oo aan muuqan. , iyo cidhifyada dibadda ee dhibco buka inta badan waa Chlorescence iyo huruud ah, iyo ugu dambeyntii caleemaha buka waa necrotic iyo gubasho, iyo mararka qaarkood waxaa laga yaabaa in dhowr dhibcood madow madow oo ku yaala meelaha buka, taas oo ah, conidia ee pathogene.Mararka qaarkood waxay ku dhici kartaa afkoda iyo canabka, samaynta dhibco necrotic cawl-brown oo aan qaabaysan, ka dibna soo saari kara dhibco bunni ah oo yaryar oo qayb buka.
Qaabka dhaca Caleenta caleenta baradhada waxaa sababa caabuqa fangas-ka aan dhamaystirnayn ee Phoma vulgaris.Cudur-sidahani waxa uu ku badiyaa ciidda sclerotium ama hyphae oo ay weheliyaan unug buka, waxa kale oo uu ka badin karaa hadhaaga kale ee martida loo yahay.Marka xaaladaha sanadka soo socda ay ku habboon yihiin, biyaha roobka ayaa ku firdhiya jirrooyinka dhulka caleemaha ama afkoda si ay u keenaan caabuq bilowga ah.Ka dib marka uu cudurku dhaco, sclerotia ama condia ayaa laga soo saaraa qaybta jirran.Caabuqyada soo noqnoqda iyadoo la kaashanayo biyaha roobka ayaa keena cudurku inuu faafo.Qoyaanka diiran iyo qoyaanka badan ayaa ku haboon dhacdada iyo faafitaanka cudurka.Cudurku wuxuu aad ugu daran yahay dhulalka carrada xun, maaraynta ballaaran, beeritaanka xad-dhaafka ah, iyo koritaanka dhirta oo daciif ah.
Kahortagga iyo hababka xakamaynta Tallaabooyinka beeraha: dooro dhulal bacrin ah oo wax lagu beero, si fiican u yaqaan cufnaanta beeritaanka habboon;kordhinta bacriminta dabiiciga ah, oo si habboon u codso bacriminta fosfooraska iyo potassium;xoojinta maamulka inta lagu jiro xilliga koritaanka, waraabinta iyo hagaajinta waqtiga, si looga hortago gabowga dhirta ee dhicis ah;wakhtiga goosashada ka bacdi ka saar maydadka buka ee beerta ku jira oo u burburi si habaysan.
Xakamaynta kiimikada: ka hortagga iyo daaweynta buufinta marxaladda hore ee cudurka.Marxaladda hore ee cudurka, waxaad dooran kartaa inaad isticmaasho 70% thiophanate-methyl budada qoyan 600 jeer dareere ah, ama 70% mancozeb WP 600 jeer dareere, ama 50% iprodione WP 1200 Isku dhufashada dareeraha + 50% Dibendazim budada qoyan 500 jeer dareere ah , ama 50% Vincenzolide WP 1500 jeer dareere + 70% Mancozeb WP 800 jeer dareere ah, ama 560g/L Azoxybacter ·Muddadii 800-1200 jeer dareere ah wakiilka joojinta Junqing, 5% chlorothalonil budada 1kg-2kg/sucin budada hydroxide copper 1kg/mu waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in lagu beero meelaha la ilaaliyo.
Waqtiga boostada: Oct-15-2021