Bacrimintu waxay aasaas u tahay amniga cuntada. Aqoonsiga wadamada bacrimin-soo-saarka ballaaran iyobacrimintaNoocyada ay iibsadaan waxay si toos ah u muujinayaan muuqaalka iyo qaab-dhismeedka wax soo saarka beeraha adduunka.
I. Guudmar GuudWadarta Soo Dejinta Ku Dhawaad 290 Milyan Oo Tan, Iyadoo Saddexda Soo Dejinood Ee Ugu Sareeya Ay Ku Dhawaad 40%
Sannadkii 2024, wadarta mugga bacriminta ee laga soo dhoofiyo 168 waddan iyo gobollo adduunka oo dhan waxay ahayd qiyaastii 289 milyan oo tan. Qaabka soo dejinta wuxuu leeyahay heer sare oo diirad ah:
Brazil waxay kaalinta koowaad ka gashay adduunka oo dhan iyadoo ah dalka ugu badan ee soo dejiya bacriminta adduunka iyadoo leh qiyaastii 46.07 milyan oo tan (15.9%);
waxaa ku xiga Mareykanka (qiyaastii 32.97 milyan oo tan, 11.4%) iyo Hindiya (qiyaastii 32.40 milyan oo tan, 11.2%). Saddexda waddan waxay si wadajir ah u sameeyaan qiyaastii 38.5% wax soo saarka adduunka;
Tobanka waddan ee ugu horreeya ee wax soo dejiya ayaa diiwaangeliyay wadarta wax soo dejinta oo ah qiyaastii 171.90 milyan oo tan, taasoo ka dhigan 59.4% wadarta guud ee adduunka, waxayna sameeyeen "kooxda wax soo dejinta heerka koowaad" ee mudan.
II. 100ka Dal iyo Gobol ee ugu Sareeya marka loo eego Mugga Bacriminta Caalamiga ah ee la soo dejiyo, 2024
Marka laga eego dhinaca gobolka, baahida bacriminta ee soo dejinta waxay ku badan tahay waddamada waaweyn ee beeraha iyo dhaqaalaha kheyraadka yar.
III. Qaybinta Gobolka: Qaab Saddex-geesood ah oo u dhexeeya Aasiya, Latin Ameerika iyo Yurub
Gobol ahaan, baahida bacriminta soo dejinta waxay ku badan tahay waddamada waaweyn ee beeraha iyo dhaqaalaha aan kheyraadka lahayn.
Aasiya waxay diiwaan gelisaa wadarta guud ee dhoofinta ugu badan ee ay wadaan dad badan oo ku nool Hindiya, Shiinaha iyo Koonfur-bari Aasiya, oo ay weheliso beerashada bariiska iyo dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah. Latin Ameerika, beerashada soybean ee Brazil iyo Argentina waxay kicisaa baahida xooggan ee bacriminta nitrogen, fosfooraska iyo potassium. Iyada oo ay matalaan Faransiiska, Jarmalka iyo dalal kale, Yurub waxay aragtaa tiro badan oo ah bacrimin isku dhafan iyo dareere ah.
IV. Isku darka Badeecada: 5ta Nooc ee ugu Sareeya Bacriminta Mid kasta oo ka mid ah 20-ka Waddan ee ugu Sareeya ee Soo Dejiya
Qaamuuska Soo Koobidda:
Muriate of Potash; Urea; Diammonium Phosphate; Monoammonium Phosphate; Bacriminta Isku-dhafka NPK; Ammonium Sulfate; Xalka Ammonium Nitrate; Kaalshiyam Ammonium Nitrate; Ammonium Nitrate; Sulfate of Potash; Anhydrous Ammonia; Phosphate Rock; Triple Superphosphate; Single Superphosphate.
V. Aragtiyo ku salaysan xog: Afar Qodob oo loogu talagalay Fiiro gaar ah oo ku saabsan Warshadaha
1. Bacriminta Potash (MOP) waxay ka mid tahay badeecadaha bacriminta ee ugu sarreeya ee laga keeno adduunka oo dhan.
20-ka waddan ee ugu horreeya ee wax soo dejiya, Muriate of Potash (MOP) waxay ka muuqataa liiska 5-ta ugu sarreeya ee waddamada badankood waxayna qaadataa booska 1-aad ee Brazil, Mareykanka, Indonesia, Shiinaha, Malaysia, Belgium iyo kuwa kale. Tani waxay muujinaysaa qaabka qaybinta kheyraadka potash-ka adduunka oo aad u xooggan iyo ku tiirsanaanta soo dejinta ee inta badan waddamada beeraha ee waaweyn.
2. Urea waa bacriminta nitrogen ee ugu badan ee la soo dejiyo
Urea-du waxay si joogto ah uga soo muuqataa (17 jeer) liiska 5-ta ugu sarreeya 20-kan waddan waxayna kaalinta koowaad kaga jirtaa Australia, Thailand, Turkey, Mexico, Poland, Boqortooyada Ingiriiska, Spain iyo in ka badan. Waa bacriminta nitrogen-ka adag ee ugu kharashka badan iyo nooca bacriminta nitrogen-ka ee ugu firfircoon ganacsiga caalamiga ah.
3. Wada noolaanshaha ammonium phosphates (DAP/MAP) iyo phosphate rock (PR) waxay muujinaysaa kala duwanaanshaha silsiladaha farsamaynta.
Mareykanka, Kanada iyo Australia waxay doorbidaan soo dejinta Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP). Hindiya, Turkiga, Belgium, Jamhuuriyadda Kuuriya iyo dalal kale waxay soo dejiyaan tiro badan oo dhagax fosfate ah (PR) si ay u noqdaan quudin loogu talagalay habaynta hoose. Bangladesh, Hindiya iyo Kanada waxay soo dejiyaan Diammonium Phosphate (DAP). Ifafaallooyinkani waxay muujinayaan kala qaybsanaanta silsiladda warshadaha ee dalka oo u dhaxaysa "soo dejinta walxaha ceeriin ah" iyo "soo dejinta alaabada dhammaatay".
3. Xalka Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) iyo bacriminta isku-dhafka ah ee NPK waxay muujinayaan heerka casriga ah ee beeraha saxda ah.
4. Xalka Urea-Ammonium Nitrate (UAN) wuxuu si cad ugu jiraa 5ta liis ee ugu sarreeya Faransiiska, Boqortooyada Midowday (UK), Belgium, Mareykanka iyo dalalka kale ee Galbeedka, taasoo muujinaysa nidaamyada farsamada iyo bacriminta dareeraha ah ee si fiican loo aasaasay. Bacriminta isku dhafan ee NPK waxay qayb weyn ka ciyaaraan Spain, Poland, Boqortooyada Midowday (UK), Thailand, Indonesia iyo meelo kale, taasoo ka tarjumaysa isbeddelka ku wajahan maaraynta la safeeyey iyada oo loo marayo "bacriminta hal-ku-dhegga ah ee isku dheelitiran".
VI. Gunaanad
Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka 2024, soo dejinta bacriminta adduunka waxaa lagu gartaa "ugu badnaan waddamo badan oo waaweyn iyo isku-darka wax soo saarka si fiican loo qeexay". Brazil, Mareykanka iyo Hindiya waxay ku dhawaad 40% ka yihiin wadarta guud ee la soo dejiyo. Potassium iyo urea waxay u dhaqmaan sidii badeecooyinka hal-abuurka ah; soo dejinta ammonium phosphate /phosphate-rock waxay ka kooban tahay qayb-qaybinta silsiladda wax-soo-saarka; Bacriminta dareeraha ah iyo kuwa isku-dhafka ah waxay ka tarjumayaan heerka horumarinta beeraha saxda ah.
Shirkadaha bacriminta soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta, ganacsatada iyo cilmi-baarayaasha warshadaha, fahamka doorbidyada badeecadaha dalalka soo dejiya iyo miisaanka iibka ayaa u ah caddayn muhiim ah oo lagu sameeyo istaraatiijiyadaha suuqa iyo diyaarinta qaababka silsiladda sahayda.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-25-2026
