I. Dulmar guud oo ku saabsan ganacsiga beeraha ee u dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo wadamada LAC tan iyo markii ay galeen WTO
Laga soo bilaabo 2001 ilaa 2023, wadarta guud ee mugga ganacsiga ee wax soo saarka beeraha ee u dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo wadamada LAC waxay muujisay isbeddel koboc oo joogto ah, laga bilaabo 2.58 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah ilaa 81.03 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, iyadoo celcelis ahaan heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah uu yahay 17.0%. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, qiimaha wax soo dejinta ayaa ka kordhay 2.40 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah ilaa 77.63 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ah koror dhan 31 jeer; Dhoofinta ayaa 19-laab ka korodhay $170 milyan ilaa $3.40 bilyan. Dalkeennu wuxuu ku jiraa xaalad hoos u dhac ah ganacsiga wax soo saarka beeraha ee lala sameeyo wadamada Latin Ameerika, hoos u dhacuna wuu sii kordhayaa. Suuqa weyn ee isticmaalka wax soo saarka beeraha ee dalkeenna wuxuu bixiyay fursado waaweyn oo loogu talagalay horumarinta beeraha ee Latin Ameerika. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, wax soo saarka beeraha ee tayo sare leh ee ka yimaada Latin Ameerika, sida cherry-ka Chile iyo haleyga cad ee Ecuador, ayaa soo galay suuqeenna.
Guud ahaan, saamiga dalalka Latin Ameerika ee ganacsiga beeraha Shiinaha ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah u ballaartay, laakiin qaybinta wax soo dejinta iyo dhoofinta ayaa ah mid aan dheelitirnayn. Laga soo bilaabo 2001 ilaa 2023, saamiga ganacsiga beeraha ee Shiinaha iyo Latin Ameerika ee ganacsiga guud ee beeraha Shiinaha ayaa ka kordhay 9.3% ilaa 24.3%. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, wax soo dejinta beeraha ee Shiinaha ee ka timid waddamada Latin Ameerika waxay ahayd saamiga wax soo dejinta guud laga bilaabo 20.3% ilaa 33.2%, wax soo saarka beeraha ee Shiinaha ee dalalka Latin Ameerika waxay ahayd saamiga wax soo saarka guud laga bilaabo 1.1% ilaa 3.4%.
2. Astaamaha ganacsiga beeraha ee u dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo wadamada LAC
(1) La-hawlgalayaasha ganacsi ee xoogga badan
Sannadkii 2001, Argentina, Brazil iyo Peru waxay ahaayeen saddexda ilo ee ugu sarreeya ee laga soo dejiyo wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimaada Latin America, iyadoo wadarta qiimaha wax soo saarka beeraha uu ahaa 2.13 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ka dhigan 88.8% wadarta wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimaada Latin America sannadkaas. Iyadoo ay sii xoogaysanayso iskaashiga ganacsiga beeraha ee lala leeyahay wadamada Latin America, sannadihii u dambeeyay, Chile waxay dhaaftay Peru si ay u noqoto isha saddexaad ee ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka beeraha ee Latin America, Brazil-na waxay dhaaftay Argentina si ay u noqoto isha ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka beeraha. Sannadkii 2023, wax soo saarka beeraha ee Shiinaha ee ka yimaada Brazil, Argentina iyo Chile waxay wadartoodu ahayd 58.93 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ka dhigan 88.8% wadarta wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimaada wadamada Latin America sannadkaas. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, Shiinaha wuxuu ka soo dhoofiyay Brazil 58.58 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah oo wax soo saarka beeraha ah, taasoo ka dhigan 75.1% wadarta wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimaada wadamada Latin America, taasoo ka dhigan 25.0% wadarta wax soo saarka beeraha ee Shiinaha. Brazil ma aha oo kaliya isha ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka beeraha ee Latin Ameerika, laakiin sidoo kale waa isha ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka beeraha ee adduunka.
Sannadkii 2001, Cuba, Mexico iyo Brazil waxay ahaayeen saddexda suuq ee ugu sarreeya dhoofinta beeraha ee Shiinaha ee loo diro waddamada LAC, iyadoo wadarta guud ee qiimaha dhoofinta uu ahaa 110 milyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ka dhigan 64.4% wadarta guud ee dhoofinta beeraha ee Shiinaha ee loo diro waddamada LAC sannadkaas. Sannadkii 2023, Mexico, Chile iyo Brazil ayaa ahaa saddexda suuq ee ugu sarreeya dhoofinta beeraha ee Shiinaha ee loo diro waddamada Latin Ameerika, iyadoo wadarta guud ee qiimaha dhoofinta uu ahaa 2.15 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ka dhigan 63.2% wadarta guud ee dhoofinta beeraha ee sannadkaas.
(3) Soo dejinta waxaa ugu badan iniinyaha saliidda iyo wax soo saarka xoolaha, soo dejinta hadhuudhkuna si weyn ayay u korodhay sannadihii ugu dambeeyay.
Shiinaha waa dalka ugu badan ee soo dejiya wax soo saarka beeraha adduunka, wuxuuna leeyahay baahi weyn oo loo qabo wax soo saarka beeraha sida soybean, hilib lo'aad iyo miro ka yimaada wadamada Latin Ameerika. Tan iyo markii Shiinuhu uu ku biiray WTO, wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimaada wadamada Latin Ameerika waxaa inta badan laga soo dejiyaa iniinyaha saliidda iyo wax soo saarka xoolaha, soo dejinta badarkana si weyn ayay u korodhay sanadihii ugu dambeeyay.
Sannadkii 2023, Shiinuhu wuxuu soo dhoofiyay 42.29 bilyan oo doolar oo iniin saliid ah oo ka yimid waddamada Latin Ameerika, taasoo ah koror dhan 3.3%, taasoo ka dhigan 57.1% wadarta guud ee wax soo saarka beeraha ee ka yimid waddamada Latin Ameerika. Soo dejinta wax soo saarka xoolaha, wax soo saarka biyaha iyo badarka waxay ahaayeen 13.67 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, 7.15 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah iyo 5.13 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, siday u kala horreeyaan. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah soo dejinta wax soo saarka galleyda waxay ahayd 4.05 bilyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah, taasoo ah koror dhan 137,671 jeer, inta badan sababtoo ah galleyda Brazil waxaa loo dhoofiyay kormeerka iyo helitaanka karantiilka Shiinaha. Tirada badan ee soo dejinta galleyda Brazil ayaa dib u qortay qaabka soo dejinta galleyda oo ay Ukraine iyo Mareykanka ku badan yihiin waagii hore.
(4) Dhoofinta inta badan badeecadaha iyo khudaarta biyaha ku jira
Tan iyo markii Shiinuhu ku biiray WTO, dhoofinta wax soo saarka beeraha ee wadamada LAC waxay inta badan ahayd wax soo saarka biyaha iyo khudaarta, sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, dhoofinta wax soo saarka hadhuudhka iyo miraha ayaa si joogto ah u kordhay. Sannadkii 2023, dhoofinta wax soo saarka biyaha iyo khudaarta ee Shiinaha ee wadamada Latin Ameerika waxay ahayd $1.19 bilyan iyo $6.0 bilyan siday u kala horreeyaan, taasoo u dhiganta 35.0% iyo 17.6% wadarta dhoofinta wax soo saarka beeraha ee wadamada Latin Ameerika, siday u kala horreeyaan.
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-30-2024