Waa maxay saamaynta shirkadaha soo galaya suuqa Brazil ee wax soo saarka noolaha iyo isbeddellada cusub ee siyaasadaha taageeraya

Suuqa wax-soo-saarka beeraha ee Brazil ayaa sii waday xawli korriin degdeg ah sannadihii la soo dhaafay.Marka la eego wacyigelinta korodhay ee ilaalinta deegaanka, caannimada fikradaha beeralayda waara, iyo taageerada siyaasadda dawladda ee xooggan, Brazil si tartiib tartiib ah waxay u noqonaysaa suuq muhiim ah iyo xarun hal-abuurnimo oo loogu talagalay soo-saarka bio-beeraha caalamiga ah, soo jiidashada shirkadaha bio-calaamka si ay u dejiyaan hawlgallada dalka.

Xaalada hadda ee suuqa bayoolajiga ee Brazil

Sannadkii 2023, dhulka wax lagu beero ee dalagyada Brazil ayaa gaadhay 81.82 milyan hektar, kaas oo dalagga ugu badan uu yahay digirta, taas oo ka dhigan 52% guud ahaan dhulka la beeray, waxaana ku xiga galleyda xilliga qaboobaha, sonkorta iyo galleyda xagaaga.Dhulkeeda ballaaran ee beerashada, Brazilsunta cayayaankasuuqu waxa uu gaadhay ilaa $20 bilyan (cunista beer-dhamaadka) 2023, iyada oo sunta cayayaanka soybeanku ay ka dhigan tahay saamiga ugu badan ee qiimaha suuqa (58%) iyo suuqa ugu kobaca badan saddexdii sano ee la soo dhaafay.

Saamiga biopesticides ee guud ahaan suuqa sunta cayayaanka ee Brazil weli aad ayuu u hooseeyaa, laakiin si degdeg ah ayuu u korayaa, isagoo ka kordhay 1% 2018 ilaa 4% 2023 kaliya shan sano gudahood, iyadoo korodhka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee 38%, aad u fog. in ka badan 12% heerka koritaanka sunta cayayaanka kiimikada.

Sannadkii 2023-kii, suuqa-dabiiciga ah ee waddanku waxa uu gaadhay qiimihiisu suuqa ahaa $800 milyan dhammaadkii beeralayda.Waxaa ka mid ah, marka loo eego qaybta, nematocides noolaha ayaa ah qaybta ugu weyn ee wax soo saarka (inta badan loo isticmaalo digirta iyo sonkorta);Qaybta labaad ee ugu weyn waacayayaanka noolaha, oo ay ku xigto wakiilada microbial iyo biocides;CAGR-ta ugu sareysa ee qiimaha suuqa muddada 2018-2023 waa nematocides noolaha, ilaa 52%.Marka la eego dalagyada la dabaqay, saamiga soybean biopesticides ee dhammaan qiimaha suuqa ayaa ah kan ugu sarreeya, isagoo gaaraya 55% 2023;Isla mar ahaantaana, soybeansku sidoo kale waa dalagga leh heerka ugu sarreeya ee isticmaalka biopesticides, iyada oo 88% dhulka la beeray la isticmaalo alaabtan oo kale sanadka 2023. Galleyda jiilaalka iyo sonkorta ayaa ah dalagyada labaad iyo saddexaad ee ugu weyn ee qiimaha suuqa siday u kala horreeyaan.Qiimaha suuqa ee dalagyadan ayaa kordhay saddexdii sano ee la soo dhaafay.

Waxaa jira farqi u dhexeeya qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee biopesticides ee dalagyada muhiimka ah.Qiimaha ugu weyn ee suuqa ee soybean biopesticides waa nematocides noolaha, oo xisaabinaya 43% 2023. Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee loo isticmaalo galleyda jiilaalka iyo galleyda xagaaga waa sunta cayayaanka noolaha, oo xisaabiya 66% iyo 75% qiimaha suuqa ee sunta cayayaanka noolaha ee labada noocyada dalagyada, siday u kala horreeyaan (inta badan oo loogu talagalay xakamaynta cayayaanka).Qaybta badeecada ugu weyn ee sonkorta waa nematocides noolaha, taas oo xisaabisa in ka badan kala badh saamiga suuqa ee sunta cayayaanka bayoolojiga ah.

Marka la eego bedka isticmaalka, shaxda soo socotaa waxay tuseysaa sagaalka maaddooyinka firfircoon ee sida aadka ah loo isticmaalo, saamiga aagga la daweeyay ee dalagyada kala duwan, iyo aagga la isticmaalo ee hal sano gudaheed.Waxaa ka mid ah, Trichoderma waa qaybta firfircoon ee ugu weyn, taas oo loo isticmaalo 8.87 milyan hektar oo dalag ah sannadkii, inta badan beerashada soybean.Tan waxaa ku xigtay Beauveria bassiana (6.845 milyan hektar), oo inta badan lagu dabaqay galleyda jiilaalka.Siddeed ka mid ah sagaalkan maaddooyinka firfircoon ee firfircoon ayaa ah kuwa u adkaysta noolaha, iyo parasitoids waa cayayaanka kaliya ee dabiiciga ah ee dabiiciga ah (dhammaantood loo isticmaalo beerashada sonkorta).Waxaa jira dhowr sababood oo maaddooyinkan firfircooni ay si fiican u iibiyaan:

Trichoderma, Beauveria bassiana iyo Bacillus amylus: in ka badan 50 shirkadood oo wax soo saar ah, oo bixiya caymis suuqa oo wanaagsan iyo sahay;

Rhodospore: koror aad u weyn, oo ay ugu wacan tahay dhacdooyinka caleenta galleyda oo kordhay, aagga daaweynta badeecada ee 11 milyan hektar 2021, iyo 30 milyan hektar 2024 galleyda xilliga qaboobaha;

Wasasyada dulin: waxay ku leeyihiin meel xasiloon oo muddo dheer ah oo ku taal sonkorta, inta badan loo isticmaalo xakamaynta xajiyaha bakoorada;

Metarhizium anisopliae: Kobaca degdega ah, inta badan waxaa sabab u ah dhacdooyinka nematodes oo kordhay iyo baabi'inta diiwaan gelinta carbofuran (kiimikada ugu weyn ee xakamaynta nematodes).