Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo la dardargelinayo magaalooyinka iyo xawaaraha wareejinta dhulka, shaqada miyiga ayaa ku urursanayd magaalooyinka, yaraanta shaqaduna waxay noqotay mid aad u muuqata, taasoo keentay kharash shaqo oo sarreeya; saamiga haweenka ee xoogga shaqaalaha ayaa sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya kordhay, Daawooyinka shaqada culus ee dhaqameedna waxay wajahayaan caqabado. Gaar ahaan hirgelinta joogtada ah ee yareynta sunta cayayaanka iyo kor u qaadista waxtarka sunta cayayaanka, waxay hagaajin kartaa heerka isticmaalka sunta cayayaanka, yareyn kartaa culayska shaqada, waxayna keeni kartaa fursad wanaagsan oo lagu horumarin karo qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada iyadoo la adeegsanayo habab fudud oo loo adeegsado. Diyaargarowga shaqada ee badbaadinta shaqada iyo badbaadinta shaqada sida dhibcaha rusheeyaha, granules-ka sabeynaya, saliidaha faafinaya filimka, granules-ka U, iyo microcapsules ayaa noqday meelaha ugu badan ee cilmi-baarista ee shirkadaha warshadaha sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, taasoo keentay fursad aad u wanaagsan oo horumarineed. Horumarintooda iyo codsigooda ayaa si isdaba joog ah u qabsaday suuq weyn oo ku yaal beeraha bariiska, oo ay ku jiraan qaar ka mid ah dalagyada lacagta caddaanka ah, rajada laga qabona aad bay u ballaaran tahay.
Horumarinta diyaargarowga badbaadinta shaqada ayaa sii fiicnaanaya
Tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, tignoolajiyada diyaarinta sunta cayayaanka ee dalkaygu waxay gaartay horumar degdeg ah, isbeddelka horumarinta ee ku wajahan saaxiibtinimo deegaanka ayaa noqday mid aad u muuqda; hagaajinta waxqabadka, diiradda saarista badbaadada cagaaran, iyo yareynta qiyaasta iyo kordhinta waxtarka ayaa ah habka kaliya ee horumarinta.
Qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada waa hal-abuurro qaabaysan oo raacaya isbeddelka. Gaar ahaan, cilmi-baarista badbaadinta shaqada ee ku saabsan qaacidooyinka sunta cayayaanka waxay ka dhigan tahay in hawl-wadeennadu ay badbaadin karaan saacadaha shaqada iyo shaqada ee hawlgallada sunta cayayaanka iyada oo loo marayo habab iyo cabbirro kala duwan, taas oo ah, in la barto sida loo isticmaalo hababka ugu badbaadinta shaqada iyo badbaadinta shaqada si dhakhso leh oo sax ah loogu mariyo maaddooyinka firfircoon ee sunta cayayaanka. Ku mari meesha la beegsanayo ee dalagyada.
Caalamka, Japan waa dalka ugu horumarsan ee tiknoolajiyada badbaadinta shaqada ee cayayaanka, waxaana ku xiga Kuuriyada Koonfureed. Horumarinta qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada waxay soo martay saddex hab oo cilmi-baaris iyo horumarin ah laga bilaabo granules ilaa granules waaweyn, qaacidooyinka firfircoon, qaacidooyinka la socon karo, ka dibna ilaa qaacidooyinka saliidda faafisa filimka, granules-ka sabeynaya, iyo granules-ka U.
Tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay, qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqaalaha sunta cayayaanka ayaa sidoo kale si degdeg ah uga soo ifbaxay dalkayga, horumarinta iyo tignoolajiyada qaacidooyinka la xiriira ayaa sidoo kale si dheeraad ah loo horumariyay oo loo adeegsaday dalagyada ay matalaan beeraha bariiska. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada ee sunta cayayaanka waxaa ka mid ah saliidda faafisa filimka, granules-ka sabeynaya, granules-ka U, microcapsules, wakiilada faafinta dusha sare ee biyaha, wakiilada firfircoon (kiniinno), granules-ka waaweyn, granules-ka xoogga badan, wakiilada qiiqa, wakiilada sed, iwm. nooc.
Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, tirada diyaargarowga badbaadinta shaqada ee laga diiwaan geliyay dalkayga ayaa sannadba sannadka ka dambeeya kordhay. Laga bilaabo Oktoobar 26, 2021, Shabakadda Macluumaadka Cayayaanka ee Shiinaha waxay muujinaysaa in ay jiraan 24 badeecooyin diiwaangashan oo ah granules waaweyn oo ku yaal dalkayga, 10 badeecooyin oo saliid faafisa filimka, 1 badeeco oo diiwaangashan oo ah wakiilka faafinta dusha sare ee biyaha, 146 wakiil oo qiiqa ah, 262 wakiil oo sed ah, iyo kiniinno firfircoon. 17 qiyaasood iyo 303 diyaar garowga microcapsule.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Kiimikada, iwm. hogaamiyaha.
Diyaargarowga badbaadinta shaqada ee ugu isticmaalka badan beeraha bariiska
Si aan u idhaahdo diyaarinta badbaadinta shaqada ayaa ugu badan la isticmaalaa, nidaamka farsamo ahaanna waa mid bisil, weli waa beerta beeraha.
Beeraha Paddy waa dalagyada ugu caansan ee loo adeegsado diyaarinta badbaadinta shaqada gudaha iyo dibadda. Ka dib horumarinta sanadihii ugu dambeeyay, qaababka qiyaasta ee diyaarinta badbaadinta shaqada ee loo isticmaalo beeraha paddy ee dalkayga waxaa ugu badan saliid faafisa filimada, granules sabeynaya iyo granules-ka biyaha-ku-fidsan (U granules). Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah saliidda faafisa filimada ayaa ah tan ugu badan ee la isticmaalo.
Saliidda faafinta filimka waa qaab qiyaas ah oo sunta cayayaanka asalka ah si toos ah ugu milmayso saliidda. Gaar ahaan, waa saliid lagu sameeyay iyadoo lagu darayo wakiil faafin iyo faafin gaar ah saliidda caadiga ah. Marka la isticmaalo, si toos ah ayaa loogu shubaa beerta bariiska si loo faafiyo, ka dib marka la faafiyo, waxay ku faaftaa dusha sare ee biyaha si ay saameynteeda u yeelato. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, alaabada gudaha sida 4% saliidda faafinta filimka thifur·azoxystrobin, 8% saliidda faafinta filimka thiazide, 1% saliidda faafinta filimka milixda spirulina ethanolamine, iwm., ayaa lagu mariyaa dhibic, taas oo aad ugu habboon. Halabuurka saliidda fidinta filimka waxaa ka mid ah maaddooyinka firfircoon, surfactants, iyo dareerayaasha saliidda, tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta tayadana waxaa ka mid ah maaddada firfircoon, heerka pH, xiisadda dusha sare, xiisadda isku dheellitirka wajiga, qoyaanka, xawaaraha faafitaanka, aagga faafitaanka, xasilloonida heerkulka hooseeya, kaydinta kulaylka. xasilloonida.
Budada sabeyneysa waa nooc cusub oo ah qaab-dhismeedka sunta cayayaanka oo si toos ah ugu dul sabeynaya dusha sare ee biyaha ka dib marka la geliyo biyaha, si dhakhso ah ugu fida dusha sare ee biyaha oo dhan, ka dibna ku kala firdhiya oo ku kala firdhiya biyaha. Qaybaheeda waxaa ugu badan ka mid ah maaddooyinka firfircoon ee sunta cayayaanka, buuxinta sideyaasha sabeyneysa, xidhayaasha, kala firdhiya kala firdhiya, iwm. Halabuurka budada sabeyneysa waxaa ka mid ah maaddooyinka firfircoon, sideyaasha sabeyneysa, iyo kala firdhiya kala firdhiya, tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta tayadana waxaa ka mid ah muuqaalka, waqtiga kala firdhiya, heerka sabeyneysa, masaafada kala firdhiya, heerka kala firdhiya, iyo kala firdhiya.
U granules waxay ka kooban yihiin maaddooyin firfircoon, sideyaal, xidheyaal iyo wakiillo faafin. Marka lagu mariyo beeraha bariiska, granules-ku si ku meel gaar ah ayay ugu degaan dhulka, ka dibna granules-ku waxay dib u soo baxaan si ay u sabeeyaan. Ugu dambeyntii, walaxda firfircoon waxay milmaan oo ku faaftaa dhammaan jihooyinka dusha sare ee biyaha. Horumarkii ugu horreeyay wuxuu ahaa diyaarinta cypermethrin si loo xakameeyo weevil-ka biyaha bariiska. Halabuurka granules-ka U waxaa ka mid ah maaddooyin firfircoon, sideyaal, xidheyaal, iyo wakiillo faafin, tilmaamayaasha xakamaynta tayadana waxaa ka mid ah muuqaalka, waqtiga la bilaabayo sabeynta, waqtiga la dhammaystirayo sabeynta, masaafada faafinta, heerka kala-baxa, iyo kala-baxa.
Sida laga soo xigtay khubarada warshadaha, Japan iyo Kuuriyada Koonfureed ayaa si ballaaran u dhiirrigeliyay isticmaalka budada U iyo budada loo yaqaan 'granules', laakiin waxaa jira daraasado gudaha ah oo aad u yar, mana jiraan wax soo saar la xiriira oo aan weli suuqa la soo gelin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa la rumeysan yahay in mustaqbalka dhow ay suuqa soo geli doonaan alaabada budada ah ee sabeynaya ee Shiinaha. Waqtigaas, qaar ka mid ah budada caadiga ah ee biyaha dul sabbaynaya ama alaabada kiniiniga ee effervescent ayaa si isdaba joog ah loogu beddeli doonaa daawada beeraha bariiska, taasoo u oggolaan doonta in la isticmaalo badeecooyin badan oo bariis ah oo gudaha ah. Beeralaydu waxay ka faa'iidaystaan habka loo marsado.
Diyaargarowga micro-kapsulaysan ayaa noqonaya goobta tartanka sare ee xiga ee warshadaha
Qaybaha diyaarinta shaqada ee jira, diyaargarowga yar yar ee lagu dahaadhay ayaa ahaa diiradda warshadaha sannadihii ugu dambeeyay.
Suspension-ka microcapsule-ka ee cayayaanka lagu dilo (CS) waxa loola jeedaa qaab-dhismeedka cayayaanka lagu dilo oo isticmaala walxaha polymer-ka ee macmal ah ama kuwa dabiiciga ah si loo sameeyo weel yar oo qaab-dhismeedka qolof-dhexe ah, lagu dahaadho sunta cayayaanka ku jirta, oo lagu sudho biyaha. Waxa uu ka kooban yahay laba qaybood, qolof kaabsal ah iyo xudunta kaabsal, xudunta kaabsalku waa walax firfircoon oo sunta cayayaanka lagu dilo, qolofta kaabsalkuna waa walax polymer-ka sameysa filimada. Tiknoolajiyadda microencapsulation waxaa markii ugu horreysay loo isticmaalay dibadda, oo ay ku jiraan qaar ka mid ah sunta cayayaanka iyo fungicides-ka, kuwaas oo ka gudbay dhibaatooyinka farsamada iyo kharashka, waxaana sidoo kale si xooggan loogu horumariyay Shiinaha sannadihii ugu dambeeyay. Sida laga soo xigtay baaritaanka Shabakadda Macluumaadka Sunta cayayaanka ee Shiinaha, laga bilaabo Oktoobar 26, 2021, tirada alaabada diyaarinta microencapsuled ee laga diiwaan geliyay dalkayga waxay ahayd 303, qaacidooyinka la diiwaan geliyayna waxaa ka mid ahaa 245 suspension microcapsule ah, 33 suspension microcapsule ah, iyo suspension microcapsule ah oo lagu daaweeyo abuurka. 11 granules, 8 wakiil oo ah microcapsule suspension-ka daaweynta abuurka, 3 budo microcapsule ah, 7 granules microcapsule ah, 1 microcapsule ah, iyo 1 microcapsule suspension-aqueous emulsion ah.
Waxaa la arki karaa in tirada joojinta microcapsule ee laga diiwaan geliyay diyaarinta microcapsule-ka gudaha ay tahay tan ugu weyn, noocyada qiyaasta ee la diiwaan geliyayna ay yar yihiin, sidaas darteed waxaa jira meel bannaan oo ballaaran oo lagu horumarin karo.
Liu Runfeng, oo ah agaasimaha Xarunta R&D ee Yunfa Biological Group, ayaa sheegay in kaabsulka yaryar ee cayayaanka dila, oo ah qaab deegaan ahaan u fiican, uu leeyahay faa'iidooyinka saamaynta waarta, badbaadada iyo ilaalinta deegaanka. Mid ka mid ah waa goob cilmi-baaris ah sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, waana sidoo kale dhul-weynaha cusub ee xiga ee soo-saarayaashu ay ku tartami karaan. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, cilmi-baarista gudaha ee kaabsulka ayaa inta badan ku urursan jaamacadaha iyo machadyada cilmi-baarista sayniska, cilmi-baarista aragtida aasaasiga ahna waa mid aad u dhammaystiran. Maadaama ay jiraan caqabado farsamo oo badan oo ku jira habka wax soo saarka ee diyaarinta kaabsulka yar, wax ka yar 100 ayaa dhab ahaantii la suuqgeeyaa, mana jiraan ku dhawaad diyaarinta kaabsulka yar ee Shiinaha. Badeecadaha kaabsulka waa shirkado diyaarinta cayayaanka oo leh tartan asaasi ah.
Tartanka suuqa ee hadda socda, marka lagu daro xaaladda aan la burburin karin ee shirkadaha shisheeye ee hore ee ku jira quluubta dadka Shiinaha, shirkadaha hal-abuurka leh ee gudaha sida Mingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, iyo Guangxi Tianyuan waxay ku tiirsan yihiin tayada si ay uga gudbaan go'doominta. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, Mingde Lida waxay jebisay aragtida ah in alaabada Shiinuhu aysan u fiicnayn sida shirkadaha shisheeye ee wadadan ku jira.
Liu Runfeng wuxuu soo bandhigay in tignoolajiyada microencapsulation ay tahay tartanka ugu muhiimsan ee Mindleader. Mindleader wuxuu sameeyay iskudhisyo ay ka mid yihiin beta-cyhalothrin, metolachlor, prochloraz, iyo abamectin: Waxaa jira in ka badan 20 badeecooyin oo la shahaado siiyay oo saf ugu jira diiwaangelinta afar qaybood oo waaweyn: taxanaha microcapsule-ka fungicidal, taxanaha microcapsule-ka cayayaanka dila, taxanaha microcapsule-ka geedaha dila, iyo taxanaha microcapsule-ka ee dahaadhka abuurka. Dalagyada kala duwan ayaa la daboolay, sida bariiska, liinta, khudaarta, qamadiga, tufaaxa, galleyda, tufaaxa, canabka, lawska, iwm.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxyaabaha kaabsulka yar yar ee Mingde Lida ee la taxay ama ku dhow inay ku qoran yihiin Shiinaha waxaa ka mid ah Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin iyo wakiilka clothianidin microcapsule suspension-suspension), Lishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludioxonil abuurka daawaynta microcapsule suspension-suspension), Deliang® (5% Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), iwm. Mustaqbalka, waxaa jiri doona qaacidooyin isku-dhafan oo cusub oo loo sameeyay suspension microcapsule. Marka la soo dejiyo diiwaangelinta shisheeye, badeecadaha yar yar ee kaabsulka Mingde Lida ayaa si tartiib tartiib ah loo xayeysiin doonaa oo loo isticmaali doonaa adduunka oo dhan.
Isagoo ka hadlaya mustaqbalka cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta ee microcapsules-ka cayayaanka ee mustaqbalka, Liu Runfeng wuxuu shaaca ka qaaday inay jiri doonaan shan jiho oo soo socda: ① laga bilaabo si tartiib tartiib ah loo sii daayo ilaa siideynta la xakameeyey; ② agabka derbiga ee deegaanka u fiican halkii laga isticmaali lahaa agabka derbiga ee macmal ah si loo yareeyo sii deynta "microplastics" ee deegaanka; ③ oo ku salaysan naqshadaynta qaacidada xaaladaha kala duwan ee codsiyada; ④ Hababka diyaarinta ee amniga badan iyo kuwa deegaanka u fiican; ⑤ Shuruudaha qiimaynta sayniska. Horumarinta xasilloonida tayada ee alaabada joojinta microcapsule waxay noqon doontaa diiradda shirkadaha ay matasho Mingde Lida mustaqbalka.
Marka la soo koobo, iyadoo si qoto dheer loo horumarinayo yareynta sunta cayayaanka iyo kor u qaadista waxtarka, baahida suuqa iyo kartida qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada ayaa si dheeraad ah loo isticmaali doonaa oo loo sii deyn doonaa, mustaqbalkeeduna wuxuu noqon doonaa mid aan xad lahayn. Dabcan, waxaa sidoo kale jiri doona shirkado diyaarin oo aad u wanaagsan oo ku soo qulqulaya wadadan, tartankuna wuu sii xoogaysan doonaa. Sidaa darteed, dadka warshadaha ku jira waxay ugu baaqayaan shirkadaha sunta cayayaanka ee gudaha inay sii xoojiyaan cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta qaacidooyinka sunta cayayaanka, kordhiyaan maalgashiga cilmi-baarista sayniska, sahamiyaan isticmaalka tignoolajiyada ee wax-soo-saarka sunta cayayaanka, kor u qaadaan horumarinta qaacidooyinka badbaadinta shaqada, iyo si wanaagsan ugu adeega beeraha.
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-05-2022