Ujeedada daraasaddan waa in la bixiyo xogtacayayaankaiska caabinta go'aan qaadashada barnaamijyada maaraynta iska caabinta ee Togo.
Heerka u nuglaanshaha Anopheles gambiae (SL) ee cayayaanka loo isticmaalo caafimaadka bulshada ayaa lagu qiimeeyay iyada oo la adeegsanayo borotokoolka baaritaanka vitro ee WHO. Bioassays loogu talagalay iska caabbinta pyrethroid waxaa loo sameeyay si waafaqsan borotokoolka baaritaanka dhalada ee CDC. Waxqabadyada sunta ensaymka ayaa la tijaabiyay iyadoo la isticmaalayo isku-dhafka piperonyl butoxide, SSS-phosphorothioate, iyo ethacrine. Aqoonsiga noocyada gaarka ah iyo genotyping ee beddelka kdr ee Anopheles gambiae SL iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyada PCR.
Dadka maxalliga ah ee Anopheles gambiae sl waxay muujiyeen u nuglaanshaha pirimiphos-methyl ee Lomé, Kowie, Aniye iyo Kpeletutu. Dhimashadu waxay ahayd 90% Bayda, taasoo muujinaysa iska caabbinta suurtagalka ah ee pirimiphos-methyl. Iska caabinta DDT, benzodicarb iyo propoxur ayaa laga duubay dhammaan goobaha. Heerarka sare ee caabbinta pyrethroids ayaa la duubay, oo leh oxidases, esterases iyo glutathione-s-transferases oo ah enzymes detoxifying mas'uul ka ah iska caabbinta, marka loo eego tijaabooyinka isdhexgalka. Noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee la ogaaday waxay ahaayeen Anopheles gambiae (ss) iyo Anopheles cruzi. Soo noqnoqoshada sare ee kdr L1014F iyo soo noqnoqoshada hoose ee kdr L1014S alleles ayaa laga helay dhammaan goobaha.
Daraasadani waxay muujinaysaa baahida loo qabo qalab dheeraad ah si loo xoojiyo waxqabadyada xakamaynta duumada ee ku salaysan cayayaanka (IRS iyo LLIN).
Isticmaalka sunta cayayaanka waa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah barnaamijyada xakameynta cudurka duumada ee Afrika [1]. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, soo ifbaxa iska caabinta noocyada ugu muhiimsan ee cayayaanka loo isticmaalo daawaynta sariirta iyo buufinta gudaha gudaha (IRS) waxay nooga baahan tahay inaan dib u eegno isticmaalka alaabtan iyo maaraynta caabbinta vector [2]. Soo ifbaxa caabbinta daroogada ayaa laga soo sheegay wadamo kala duwan oo ku yaal Galbeedka Afrika oo ay ku jiraan Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali [3, 4, 5] iyo gaar ahaan Togo [6, 7]. Daraasadihii ugu dambeeyay waxay muujiyeen in isticmaalka synergists iyo isku-darka sunta cayayaanka ay kordhiso u nuglaanshaha xididdada duumada ee meelaha leh caabbinta sare ee pyrethroids [8, 9]. Si loo ilaaliyo joogtaynta istaraatiijiyadaha xakamaynta, isdhexgalka nidaamsan ee maaraynta iska caabinta siyaasad kasta oo xakameynta vector waa in la tixgeliyaa [2]. Waddan kasta waa inuu taageeraa hirgelinta barnaamijyada maaraynta iska caabinta iyada oo loo marayo ogaanshaha iska caabinta [10]. Marka loo eego talooyinka Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka (WHO) [10], maaraynta iska caabbinta waxay ku lug leedahay hirgelinta hab saddex-tallaabo ah oo ay ku jiraan (1) qiimeynta heerka u nuglaanta cayayaanka, (2) muujinta xoojinta caabbinta, iyo (3) qiimeynta hababka jir ahaaneed, iyadoo si gaar ah diiradda loo saarayo waxtarka synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Togo, tallaabada ugu horreysa, qiimeynta heerka u nuglaanshaha cayayaanka cayayaanka ee fayraska duumada, ayaa lagu fuliyaa 2-3 sano mar goobaha cirifka ee Barnaamijka Xakamaynta Duumada Qaranka (NMCP). Awoodda iska caabinta iyo waxtarka labadii tallaabo ee ugu dambeeyay (ie, potentiators piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S, S-tributyl trisulfate phosphate (DEF), iyo ethacrynic acid (EA)) si weyn looma baranin.
Ujeedada daraasaddan ayaa ah in wax laga qabto saddexdan dhinac oo la siiyo NMCP xog la isku halleyn karo si go'aan looga gaaro maaraynta iska caabinta ee Togo.
Daraasaddan waxaa la sameeyay laga bilaabo Juun ilaa Sebtembar 2021 lagana soo doortay xarumaha NMCP ee saddex degmo caafimaad oo koonfurta Togo ah (Jaantuska 1). Shan goobood oo kormeerka NMCP ayaa loo xushay la socodka ku salaysan juquraafi ahaan (aagag fayadhowr oo kala duwan) iyo sifada deegaanka (badanaa fagagyada, goobaha taranka dirxiga joogtada ah): Lomé, Bayda, Kowie, Anyère iyo Kpeletoutou (Shaxda 1).
Daraasadani waxay muujinaysaa in dadka deegaanka Anopheles gambiae kaneecada ee koonfurta Togo ay u adkaysanayaan dhowr cayayaanka caafimaadka dadweynaha ee waaweyn, marka laga reebo pirimiphos-methyl. Heerarka sare ee caabbinta pyrethroid ayaa lagu arkay goobta daraasadda, oo laga yaabo inay la xiriirto sunta enzymes (oxidases, esterases iyo glutathione-s-transferases). Isbeddelka kdr L1014F waxaa lagu ogaadey labada nooc ee walaalaha ah Anopheles gambiae ss iyo Anopheles kruzi oo leh doorsoomayaal laakiin isugeyn sarreeya (> 0.50), halka kdr L1014S isbeddelku uu ku dhacay si aad u hooseeya waxaana laga helay kaliya kaneecada Anopheles cruzi. Isku-dhafka PBO iyo EA waxay qayb ahaan dib u soo celiyeen u nuglaanshaha pyrethroids iyo organochlorine, siday u kala horreeyaan, dhammaan goobaha, halka DEF ay kordhisay nuglaanshaha carrabamates iyo organophosphates dhammaan goobaha marka laga reebo Anye. Xogtan ayaa laga yaabaa inay ka caawiso Barnaamijka Xakamaynta Duumada Qaranka Togo si ay u horumariyaan xeelado wax ku ool ah oo lagu xakameynayo vector.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-23-2024