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Qiimaynta Fungicides ee Xakamaynta dhibcaha Dollarka ee Koorsooyinka Golf-ka

Waxaan qiimeynay daaweynta fungicides ee xakameynta cudurka Xarunta Cilmi-baarista iyo Cilmi-baarista William H. Daniel Turfgrass ee Jaamacadda Purdue ee Galbeedka Lafayette, Indiana.Waxaan samaynay tijaabooyin cagaaran oo gurguurta cagaarka 'Crenshaw' iyo 'Pennlinks'.
Jaantuska 1: Crenshaw bentgrass daaweynta fungicides.Codsiyada kama dambaysta ah waxaa la gudbiyay Agoosto 30 ee Maxtima iyo Traction iyo Agoosto 23 ee Xzemplar.Falaadhidu waxay tilmaamayaan muddada codsiga ee 14 maalmood (Xzemlar) iyo 21 maalmood (Maxtima iyo Traction) ee fungicid kasta.
Laga bilaabo Abriil 1 ilaa Sebtembar 29, 2023, waxaanu jari doonaa labadaba cagaarka shan jeer usbuucii 0.135 inji.Waxaan isticmaalnay 4 fl.Wakiilka qoynta Excalibur (Aqua-Aid Solutions) ee labada cagaar ee Juun 9 iyo 28. oz/1000 sq. ft. Qiimaha July 20 wuxuu ahaa 2.7 fl oz.oz/1000 sq. ft. si loo xaddido dhibco engegan oo gudaha ah.
Ka dib waxaan codsanay wakiilka qoynta Fleet (2.7 fl oz/1000 sq ft) cagaarka Agoosto 16-keedii si aan u xaddidno meelaha qallalan ee deegaanka.
Waxaan isticmaalnay 9 dareere Tempo SC ah (cyfluthrin, Envu).oz/acre iyo Meridian (Thiamethoxam, Syngenta) 12 fl oz.Juun 9 oz/acre ee xakamaynta qudhaanjada.Waxaan codsanay 0.5 lb ee bacriminta nitrogen bishii Juun 10 iyo Sebtembar 2 iyadoo la adeegsanayo Country Club MD (18-3-18, Lubnaan Lawn).N/1000 cag laba jibbaaran
Goobaheenna tijaabada ayaa cabbirkoodu ahaa 5 x 5 cagood waxaana loo nashqadeeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo nakhshad xannibaad dhammaystiran oo aan kala sooc lahayn oo leh afar nooc.Isticmaal buufiye ku shaqeeya CO2 at 50 psi iyo saddex TeeJet 8008 nozzles buufin fidsan oo u dhiganta 2 gallon/1000 cagood oo biyo ah.
Labada daraasadood (Tijaabada 1 iyo Tijaabada 2), waxaan bilownay dhammaan daawaynta Maajo 17, iyadoo wakhtiga maamulka ugu dambeeya uu ku kala duwan yahay daawaynta (Shaxda 1).Julaay 1, waxaanu isticmaalnay gacan qaade si aanu si siman ugu qaybinay bar dollarka hadhuudh galley ah oo xamar ah 12.5 cc sariirtiiba.Waxaan ka tagnaa hadhuudhka galley dushiisa cawska afar maalmood ka hor intaan la jarin.
Waxaan qiimeynay darnaanta dhibcaha dollarka iyadoo lagu salaynayo tirada xarumaha caabuqa ee goobta.Meesha ka hooseysa qalooca horumarka cudurka (AUDPC) waxaa lagu xisaabiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka trapezoidal iyadoo la adeegsanayo qaacidada Σ [(yi + yi+1)/2] [ti+1 - ti], halkaasoo i = 1,2,3, … n -1, halka yi - rating, ti - wakhtiga qiimaynta i-th.Xogta ayaa lagu sammeeyay falanqaynta kala duwanaanshiyaha iyo kala-soocidda celceliska (P=0.05) iyadoo la adeegsanayo tijaabada LSD ee Fisher ee la ilaaliyo.
Waxaan markii hore aragnay faraqa u dhexeeya xakameynta dhibcaha dollarka ee u dhexeeya goobaha daawaynta ee Maajo 31-keedii.Juun 13, darnaanta dhibcaha dollarka ee daawaynta mashruuca ayaa aad uga sareysay daawaynta kale (Jaantuska 1).Taa beddelkeeda, $20ka Juulaay 20 darnaantiisa barnamijku wuu ka hooseeyay daawaynta kale.
Agoosto 2, aagagga waxaa lagu daaweeyay 1.3 fl of Traction (fluazimide, tebuconazole, Nupharm).oz/1000 sq. ft. – Qiimaha booska 21-maalmood ee doollarka Maraykanka ayaa aad uga sarreeyay baakadaha lagu daweeyay Maxtima (fluconazole, BASF) 0.4 oz.oz/1000 sq. cagood isla muddadaas.Sebtembar 16 iyo 28, laba iyo afar usbuuc ka dib codsiga kama dambaysta ah, siday u kala horreeyaan, meelaha lagu daweeyay Traction ayaa si aad ah uga badan dhibco doolarka Maxtima oo waxay si aad ah uga hooseeyaan qiyamka AUDPC marka loo eego kantaroolka.
Waxaan markii ugu horreysay aragnay halka dollarka 7-dii Luulyo.Laga bilaabo Luulyo 7, dhammaan goobaha la daweeyay waxa ka dillaacay wax ka yar hal goob kasta.Ma jirin kala duwanaansho daawaynta intii lagu jiray tijaabada.Qiimaha AUDPC ee dhammaan dhulalka la daweeyay ayaa aad uga hooseeya kuwa ku jira dhulalka kantaroolka ee aan la daawayn (Shaxda 1).
Jaamacadda Purdue ee Daniel Turfgrass Research and Diagnostic Center ayaa qiimeysay waxtarka daawaynta fungicides ee qaangaarka, bentgrass gurguurta ee xorta ah.
Laga bilaabo Abriil 1 ilaa Oktoobar 1, jar saddex jeer toddobaadkii ilaa dhererka 0.5 inji.Waxaan soo bandhignay Ference (cyantraniliprole, Syngenta) Juun 30 saacaddu markay ahayd 0.37 fl.oz/1000 sq. ft. loogu talagalay xakamaynta grub cad.20-kii Luulyo, waxaan isticmaalnay wakiilka qoyaanka Excalibur qiyaasta 2.7 fl.oz/1000 sq. ft. si loo xaddido dhibco engegan oo gudaha ah.
Waxaan isticmaalnay wakiilka qoyaanka Fleet (Harrell's) Agoosto 16-keedii 3 fl.oz/1000 sq. ft. si loo xaddido dhibco engegan oo gudaha ah.Ka dib waxaan codsanay 0.75 rodol oo nitrogen ah Maajo 24 anagoo adeegsanayna Shaw (24-0-22).N/1000 sq. ft. Sebtembar 13, 1.0 rodol.N/1000 cag laba jibbaaran
Shirqoollada ayaa cabbirkoodu ahaa 5 x 5 cagood waxaana loo habeeyay baloog dhammaystiran oo aan kala sooc lahayn oo leh afar nuqul.Isticmaal buufiye ku shaqeeya CO2 at 45 psi iyo saddex TeeJet 8008 nozzles buufin fidsan oo u dhiganta 1 gallon/1000 cagood oo biyo ah.
Waxaan codsanay codsigii ugu horreeyay ee fungicides May 19-keedii iyo kii u dambeeyay Agoosto 18-keedii.Hadhuudh galley ah oo uu ku dhacay cudurka doollarka ah ayaa si siman loogu dabaqay faafinta gacanta 27kii Juunyo iyo Luulyo 1deedii iyada oo qiimaheedu dhan yahay 11 cm3 iyo 12 cm3 goobkiiba, siday u kala horreeyaan.Waxaan ka tagnaa hadhuudhka galley dushiisa cawska afar maalmood ka hor intaan la jarin.
Darnaanta cudurka ayaa la qiimeeyay labadii toddobaadba mar inta daraasaddu socotay.Darnaanta cudurka waxaa lagu qiimeeyay iyadoo muuqaal ahaan loo qiimeeyay boqolleyda aagga ay dhibaatadu saameysey ee goob kasta.Aagga ku hoos jira qalooca cadaadiska cudurka (AUDPC) ayaa la xisaabiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka trapezoidal ee kor lagu sharaxay.Xogta ayaa lagu sammeeyay falanqaynta kala duwanaanshiyaha iyo kala-soocidda celceliska (P=0.05) iyadoo la adeegsanayo tijaabada LSD ee Fisher ee la ilaaliyo.
Waxaan markii hore aragnay dhibco dollarka ah (<0.3% darnaanta, 0.2 nabarrada buka ee goob kasta) Juun 1, iyo tiradooda ayaa kordhay ka dib tallaalka.Bishii Luulyo 20, aagagga waxaa lagu daweeyay Encartis (boscalid iyo chlorothalonil, BASF) 3 fl.oz/1000 sq. ft – 14 maalmood iyo 4 fl oz/1000 sq. ft. – 28 maalmood, Daconil Ultrex (chlorothalonil, Syngenta) 2.8 fl oz/1000 sq. ft. – 14 maalmood, meelaha la daweeyay ee la qorsheeyey waxay lahaayeen dhibco yar oo dollar ah. marka loo eego dhammaan meelaha kale ee la daweeyay iyo kontaroolada aan la daweyn.
Laga soo bilaabo Juulaay 20 ilaa Sebtembar 15, dhammaan goobihii la daweeyay waxay lahaayeen cudurro yaryar marka loo eego meelaha kantaroolka ee aan la daweyn.Meelaha lagu daweeyay Encartis (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft - 14 maalmood), Encartis (3.5 fl oz/1000 sq ft - 21 days) Sebtembar 2, laba toddobaad kadib codsiga kama dambaysta ah (WFFA) d), Xzemplar (fluxapyroxad, BASF) 0.21 fl.ounce/1000 sq. ft. – 21 maalmood, Xzemlar (0.26 oz/1000 sq. ft. – 21 days) iyo goobaha lagu daweeyay barnaamijka waxay lahaayeen darnaanta dhibcaha dollarka ugu yar.
Agoosto 3 iyo Agoosto 16, sicirka Encartis iyo waqtiyada kama dambaysta ah ee arjiga kama yeelan saameyn weyn kontaroolada dhibcaha doolarka Mareykanka.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, Sebtembar 2 iyo 15 (WFFA 2 iyo 4), goobaha waxay u badnaayeen in lagu daaweeyo Encartis (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft - 14 maalmood) iyo Encartis (3.5 fl oz/1000 sq ft)...- 21 maalmood) waxay leedahay caabbinta wasakhda USD hoose marka loo eego Encartis (4 fl oz/1000 sq ft - 28 maalmood).
Taas bedelkeeda, kala duwanaanshaha heerka maamulka iyo daawaynta ee Xzemplar iyo Maxtima ma aysan si weyn u saameynin darnaanta dhibcaha dollarka muddada daraasadda.Heerarka codsiga sare ee Daconil Action (3 fl oz/1000 sq ft) oo lagu daray Action Sugan ma keenin hoos u dhac ku yimid booska dollarka.Sebtembar 2, Xarunta Xakamaynta caabuqa ee Xzemplar's Dollar Point ayaa daweysay goobo ka yar Maxtima.
Qiimaha AUDPC ee dhammaan goobaha la daweeyay ayaa aad uga hooseeya kuwa goobaha kontoroolka aan la daawayn.Darnaanta dhibcaha dollarka ayaa si joogto ah uga hooseysa qorshayaasha barnaamijkan inta lagu jiro daraasadda, oo leh qiimaha ugu hooseeya ee AUDPC ee dhammaan daawaynta.
Goobaha lagu daweeyay Daconil Ultrex kaligood waxay lahaayeen qiimeyaal AUDPC ka sarreeya marka loo eego goobaha lagu daweeyay daawaynta oo dhan marka laga reebo kuwa lagu daweeyay 0.5 ml Secure (fluridinium, Syngenta).oz/1000 sq. ft. – 21 maalmood) Daconil Action (2 fl oz/1000 sq ft) iyo Ficil sugan (azibendazole-S-methyl iyo fluazinam, Syngenta) 0.5 fl.oz/1000 sq. ft. – 21 maalmood Wax phytotoxicity ah laguma arag daraasaddan oo dhan.


Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-16-2024